Pragmatics and Discourse Analysis

语言背景, 语言框架

指示语, 指示现象

人称指示, 人称指示语

空间指示, 空间参照

时间指示, 时间参照

直接引语, 直接叙述

间接引语, 间接言语

言语行为, 语言行为

参考, 引用

The article included several references to previous studies on the topic.

文章包括了对该主题先前研究的几个参考。

面子威胁行为, 威胁面子的交际行为

表情, 目光

Her eyes widened in surprise, an expression that conveyed her shock better than words ever could.

照顾者言语, 儿语

连贯言语, 连接语音

话语标记, 话语指示符

框架, 边框

The antique frame around the painting added a touch of elegance to the artwork.

画作周围的古董框架为艺术品增添了一丝优雅。

对话, 交谈

The leaders agreed to dialogue in order to ease tensions between their countries.

领导人同意对话以缓解两国之间的紧张关系。

话语, 结构化的交流

The professor analyzed the discourse of political speeches.

教授分析了政治演讲的话语。

互文性, 文本间的相互联系

Intertextuality enriches the reading experience by allowing readers to recognize and appreciate the connections between different literary works and their themes.

互文性通过让读者认识和欣赏不同文学作品及其主题之间的联系，丰富了阅读体验。

文本, 文字

The ancient text provided insights into the culture of that civilization.

古代文本提供了对该文明文化的见解。

贬义的, 轻蔑的

She used pejorative language to describe her rival's work.

她使用了贬义的语言来描述她对手的作品。

轮流发言, 话轮转换

树篱, 绿篱

The garden was enclosed by a tall hedge that provided privacy.

花园被一道高大的树篱围住，提供了隐私。

隐含意义, 言外之意

连贯性

凝聚力, 内聚力

衔接纽带, 衔接元素

迂回说法, 冗词赘句

Instead of providing a direct answer, the politician resorted to circumlocution, using lengthy and vague statements.

政客没有直接回答，而是诉诸于迂回说法，使用了冗长而模糊的陈述。

委婉语, 婉转的表达

"Between jobs" is a euphemism for being unemployed.

"工作之间"是失业的一种委婉说法。

模棱两可, 含糊其辞

全息表达, 用一个词表达整个想法

口语, 日常用语

词语误用, 错用词语

The author's use of malapropisms in the novel added a humorous element to the dialogue between the characters.

作者在小说中使用词语误用为角色间的对话增添了幽默元素。

发声, 表达

冗言, 冗余

分插法, 插入分离

反问, 修辞性疑问

He asked a rhetorical question to emphasize his point about fairness.

他提出了一个反问句来强调他关于公平的观点。

修辞疑问, 演说疑问

指称问题

专注, 注意力

She needed to maintain her focus during the exam to ensure she answered all the questions accurately.

她需要在考试期间保持专注，以确保准确回答所有问题。

双语双关语, 双语笑话

反馈通道, 倾听信号

谚语, 格言

A well-known proverb states, 'Actions speak louder than words,' emphasizing the importance of deeds over promises.

一个著名的谚语说，'行动胜于雄辩'，强调了行动比承诺更重要。

指示词, 指示性词语