Biology

核糖体

Ribosomes are the cellular factories responsible for building proteins, essential for various biological functions.

核糖体是负责构建蛋白质的细胞工厂，对各种生物功能至关重要。

高尔基体, 高尔基复合体

The Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins, ensuring they are properly shaped and functional.

高尔基体修饰和包装蛋白质，确保它们形状正确且功能正常。

溶酶体, 充满酶的小囊

Lysosomes act as the "recycling centers" of cells, breaking down and digesting cellular waste materials.

溶酶体充当细胞的“回收中心”，分解和消化细胞废物。

线粒体, 能量生产细胞器

The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.

线粒体是一种存在于大多数真核细胞中的膜结合细胞器。

叶绿体, 光合细胞器

Chloroplasts are the green structures in plant cells where photosynthesis, the process of converting light into energy, takes place.

叶绿体是植物细胞中的绿色结构，光合作用即把光转化为能量的过程在此进行。

核苷酸

The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines genetic information.

DNA中核苷酸的序列决定了遗传信息。

多肽, 多肽链

Insulin is a polypeptide hormone that regulates blood sugar levels.

胰岛素是一种多肽激素，可调节血糖水平。

细胞器, 胞器

The nucleus, an organelle housing genetic material, regulates cell activities.

细胞核是一种细胞器，容纳遗传物质，调节细胞活动。

液泡, 小泡

Vacuoles in plant cells may contain pigments, giving flowers and fruits their vibrant colors.

植物细胞中的液泡可能含有色素，赋予花朵和果实鲜艳的颜色。

中心粒, 中心粒对

Centrioles play a crucial role in animal cell division, forming the mitotic spindle.

中心粒在动物细胞分裂中起着至关重要的作用，形成有丝分裂纺锤体。

组蛋白, 组蛋白蛋白质

Histones act as spools around which DNA winds, forming compact structures called nucleosomes.

组蛋白作为线轴，DNA围绕其缠绕，形成称为核小体的紧凑结构。

端粒, 染色体末端

Think of telomeres as the plastic tips on the ends of a phone charger cable that keep it from wearing out.

将端粒想象成手机充电线末端的塑料头，防止其磨损。

表型, 可观察特征

Eye color, hair texture, and height are examples of human phenotypes.

眼睛颜色、头发质地和身高是人类表型的例子。

稳态, 内平衡

Sweating to cool down the body temperature is an example of homeostasis in response to external heat.

通过出汗来降低体温是外部热量作用下稳态的一个例子。

翻译

The translation of the novel from French to English took six months.

这部小说从法语到英语的翻译花了六个月。

She prepared a transcription of the lecture notes.

The replication of the documents took several hours.

密码子, 密码子序列

AUG is the start codon, initiating the translation process in protein synthesis.

AUG是起始密码子，在蛋白质合成中启动翻译过程。

共生, 共生关系

The relationship between cleaner fish and larger fish, where the cleaner fish remove parasites, represents a mutualistic symbiosis.

清洁鱼和大鱼之间的关系，清洁鱼去除寄生虫，代表了一种互惠共生的共生关系。

阿米巴, 阿米巴

Amebas are commonly found in various aquatic environments, including freshwater ponds and streams.

阿米巴原虫常见于各种水生环境，包括淡水池塘和溪流。

原核生物, 原核生物体

Bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), are common examples of prokaryotes.

细菌，如大肠杆菌（E. coli），是原核生物的常见例子。

叶绿素, 绿色色素

Chlorophyll is responsible for the green color of plants, reflecting its role in photosynthesis.

叶绿素负责植物的绿色，反映了它在光合作用中的作用。

衣壳, 蛋白质外壳

The capsid of a virus provides structural integrity, enclosing and protecting its genetic material.

病毒的衣壳提供了结构完整性，包围并保护其遗传物质。

真核生物, 真核生物体

Plants, with their roots, stems, and leaves, are examples of eukaryotes.

植物，连同它们的根、茎和叶，是真核生物的例子。

卵子, 卵

Human females typically release one ovum during each menstrual cycle.

人类女性通常在每个月经周期释放一个卵子。

胃蛋白酶, 消化蛋白质的酶

Pepsin is an enzyme produced in the stomach that helps break down proteins into smaller peptides.

胃蛋白酶是一种在胃中产生的酶，有助于将蛋白质分解成更小的肽。

三磷酸腺苷, 腺苷三磷酸

Adenosine triphosphate is often referred to as the "energy currency" of cells due to its role in energy transfer.

三磷酸腺苷由于其在能量传递中的作用，常被称为细胞的“能量货币”。

沼气, 可再生气体

Biogas offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on non-renewable resources.

沼气提供了一种可持续的化石燃料替代品，减少了温室气体排放和对不可再生资源的依赖。

细胞骨架, 细胞支架

The cytoskeleton acts like a cell's internal scaffolding, maintaining its shape and structural integrity.

细胞骨架就像细胞的内部支架，维持其形状和结构完整性。