Linguistics

冗长

The professor's lecture was criticized for its prolixity, as many students found the excessive detail and lengthy explanations overwhelming and tedious.

教授的讲座因其冗长而受到批评，因为许多学生发现过多的细节和冗长的解释令人难以承受且乏味。

She studied rhetoric to improve her debate skills.

互文性, 文本间的相互联系

Intertextuality enriches the reading experience by allowing readers to recognize and appreciate the connections between different literary works and their themes.

互文性通过让读者认识和欣赏不同文学作品及其主题之间的联系，丰富了阅读体验。

The roof displayed perfect imbrication of clay tiles.

The sculpture's beauty comes from the apposition of contrasting shapes.

混成词, 合成词

The term "brunch" is a portmanteau word that combines "breakfast" and "lunch."

“早午餐”一词是一个合成词，结合了“早餐”和“午餐”。

句法, 语法结构

In linguistics, syntax refers to the rules that govern the structure of sentences, determining how words are arranged to convey meaning.

在语言学中，句法指的是支配句子结构的规则，决定了单词如何排列以传达意义。

语素, 最小的意义单位

In linguistics, a morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning or grammatical function in a language.

在语言学中，语素是语言中意义或语法功能的最小单位。

语义学

In linguistics, semantics is the study of meaning in language, focusing on how words, phrases, and sentences convey meaning.

在语言学中，语义学是研究语言中的意义，专注于单词、短语和句子如何传达意义。

词汇表, 词典

She consulted a specialized lexicon to study medical terminology.

她查阅了一本专门的词汇表来学习医学术语。

首语重复法, 重复

Anaphora refers to the rhetorical device of repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.

首语重复是指在连续从句或句子的开头重复一个词或短语的修辞手法。

多义性, 一词多义现象

The polysemy of the word "bank" includes meanings related to financial institutions, river edges, and inclines.

“银行”一词的多义性包括与金融机构、河岸和斜坡相关的含义。

音位变体，音位的变体发音，可能由于语言内特定语境或环境中的语音差异而产生, 音位变体，出现在特定语音环境中的音位变体形式

In phonetics, an allophone is a variant form of a phoneme, which occurs in specific phonetic environments.

在语音学中，音位变体是音素的变体形式，出现在特定的语音环境中。

词位, 基本语言单位

A lexeme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language, encompassing both a word and all its inflected forms.

词位是语言中最小的意义单位，包括一个词及其所有屈折形式。

音位, 音素

In linguistics, a phoneme is the smallest distinctive sound unit in a language that can change the meaning of a word.

在语言学中，音素是一种语言中可以改变单词意义的最小区别性声音单位。

上位词, 通用术语

A hypernym is a word that represents a category or a more general term that encompasses more specific words within that category.

上位词是一个代表类别或更一般术语的词，它包含了该类别中更具体的词。

新词, 造词

A neologism is a newly coined word or expression that has not yet been widely accepted into the lexicon of a language.

新词是一个新创造的词或表达，尚未被广泛接受为一种语言的词汇。

补充法, 异干法

Suppletion refers to the phenomenon in morphology where an irregular form is used to express a grammatical contrast instead of regular inflection.

异干互补指的是形态学中的一种现象，即使用不规则形式来表达语法对比，而不是规则的屈折变化。

注册, 登记

She decided to register for the online course to improve her skills.

她决定注册在线课程以提高她的技能。

The reaction of silver nitrate with sodium chloride is a classic example of metathesis.

插音, 音素插入

Epenthesis is a phonological process in which a sound is added to a word, typically to break up consonant clusters or to improve pronunciation.

插音是一种音系学过程，其中一个声音被添加到一个单词中，通常是为了分解辅音群或改善发音。

The mantra relied on reduplication for rhythmic emphasis.

昵称, 爱称

Hypocorism is the use of a pet name or affectionate form of a proper name, often involving a diminutive or altered version of the original name.

昵称是使用一个昵称或一个专有名称的深情形式，通常涉及原始名称的缩小或改变版本。

同义反复, 冗余

"ATM machine" is a classic example of a tautology, as the "M" already stands for "machine."

"ATM machine"是同义反复的经典例子，因为"M"已经代表"machine"（机器）。

元音和谐, 元音和谐律

Vowel harmony is a phonological process in which vowels within a word agree in certain features, such as frontness or backness, to create a more harmonious sound.

元音和谐是一种音系过程，其中单词内的元音在某些特征上达成一致，如前或后，以创造出更和谐的声音。

下义词, 子类别

Rose is a hyponym of flower.

下义词是花的下义词。

Synchronic signals from the satellites allowed precise navigation.

历时的, 历史的

Diachronic linguistics looks at how words change meaning over centuries.

历时语言学研究了几个世纪以来词语意义的变化。