su
pple
tion
复数形式
suppletions
1
补充法, 异干法
the phenomenon in which an irregular form of a word, often a verb or adjective, is used instead of a regular form to express a different grammatical feature
Suppletion is a linguistic phenomenon where an irregular morphological change occurs in a word, often involving the use of entirely different roots to express different grammatical forms. Instead of following a regular pattern of inflection or derivation, one form of the word is replaced with a different word. A common example is the English verb "to be," which has different forms such as "am," "is," and "are" instead of following a standard pattern. Suppletion can reveal historical connections between words and show how languages evolve over time.
- Suppletion refers to the phenomenon in morphology where an irregular form is used to express a grammatical contrast instead of regular inflection.
异干互补指的是形态学中的一种现象，即使用不规则形式来表达语法对比，而不是规则的屈折变化。
- An example of suppletion is the English verb "to be," where the forms "am," "is," "are," "was," and "were" do not follow a regular pattern of inflection.
补充法的一个例子是英语动词"to be"，其中形式"am"、"is"、"are"、"was"和"were"不遵循规则的屈折模式。
- Suppletion can create irregularities in languages, making it necessary for speakers to memorize irregular forms separately from regular patterns.
异干互补可以在语言中造成不规则性，使得说话者需要单独记忆不规则形式，而不是规则模式。
- In some languages, suppletion is common in comparative and superlative forms of adjectives, where entirely different words are used instead of inflection.
在某些语言中，异干互补在形容词的比较级和最高级形式中很常见，其中使用完全不同的词而不是屈折。
- Linguists study suppletion to understand the historical development and structural properties of languages, especially regarding irregularities in inflectional systems.
语言学家研究异干互补以理解语言的历史发展和结构特性，尤其是关于屈折系统中的不规则性。