Neurology and Blood Biochemistry

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

Neurons transmit signals at speeds of up to 120 meters per second.

the tissue in the central nervous system composed of myelinated nerve fibers

a comprehensive map or diagram that depicts the complete set of neural connections within a nervous system

relating to the part of the nervous system that promotes relaxation and digestion in the body

Chronic stress can impair parasympathetic function, contributing to health issues like digestive problems and insomnia.

relating to bodily functions that occur automatically, without conscious effort or control

Sweating is an autonomic response to regulate body temperature.

a curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigationa curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigation

the outer layer of neural tissue in the parietal lobe involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness

a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in mood regulation.

the process by which new neurons are generated in the brain, occurring primarily during prenatal development but also continuing into adulthood in certain brain regions

Physical exercise has been shown to enhance neurogenesis in the hippocampus, a brain region important for learning and memory.

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning.

a scientist who studies the structure, function, and disorders of the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord

The neuroscientist conducted experiments to investigate the effects of dopamine on decision-making.

a neurological phenomenon where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway

In synesthesia, hearing music may evoke the perception of colors or shapes.

the ability to experience the outside world especially through the sense of touch

the temporary storage of information that is currently being used or actively processed by the brain, typically for a few seconds to a few minutes

Short-term memory allows us to remember a phone number long enough to dial it.

the branch of medicine and physiology dealing with the endocrine system that controls the hormones in one's body

Endocrinology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the study and treatment of hormone-related disorders.

a hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles and promotes restful sleep

a hormone produced mainly by the stomach that stimulates appetite and regulates hunger

Ghrelin levels typically rise before meals, signaling the body's need for food.

a hormone produced primarily by fat cells that helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger and promoting feelings of fullness

a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation

a neurotransmitter primarily found in the brain and gastrointestinal tract that plays a key role in mood regulation, appetite, sleep, and various physiological functions

Serotonin levels are often associated with feelings of well-being and happiness.

a hormone and neurotransmitter that regulates the body's stress response

a compound released by cells in response to injury, allergy, or immune reactions, causing inflammation, itching, and other allergy symptoms

Antihistamines are commonly used to relieve symptoms of allergic reactions by blocking histamine receptors.

a biochemical assembly that transports fats in the bloodstream, composed of proteins and lipids

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because it helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream.

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter

Neurotransmitters released into the synapse bind to receptors on the receiving neuron, facilitating the transmission of nerve impulses.

a biological indicator found in blood that can be measured and evaluated to indicate a particular physiological or pathological condition, or the response to treatment

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

a medical condition characterized by an excess of acid in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a lower pH than normal

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a severe form of acidosis that can occur in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes.

a medical condition characterized by an excess of base or alkali in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a higher pH than normal

Respiratory alkalosis can occur when there is hyperventilation, leading to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels in the blood.

a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells

Iron-rich foods support hemoglobin levels.

a small protein that regulates immune responses and cell communication in the human body

having the ability to restrain, limit, or suppress activity or function

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate neural activity in the brain.