Lesson 5

to clearly show disapproval, which can discourage others from a particular action or behavior

As a matter of principle, the school board discountenances bullying and takes proactive measures to promote a safe and inclusive environment.

the structured use of language to convey meaning across sentences or exchanges, often reflecting social or cultural context

The professor analyzed the discourse of political speeches.

having no manners or respect for others

John was consistently discourteous to his colleagues, often interrupting them during meetings and dismissing their ideas.

to be the first person who finds something or someplace that others did not know about

By the time we got there, they had already discovered the ancient ruins.

to make someone or something be no longer respected

From their discriminatory practices to their mistreatment of employees, the company's actions have discredited their reputation as a fair and respected employer.

to compare different pieces of information and examine them to find their differences

I need some time to collate the data from the surveys and compare the responses to identify any trends or patterns.

additional but less important, often connected to a main element

While the primary objective of the project was to enhance customer satisfaction, there were collateral advantages, including increased brand loyalty.

a member of the working class (not necessarily employed)

the class of people who do physical labor as a job, especially in factories or industries

According to Marxist theory, the proletariat represents the working class who do not own the means of production.

to turn or move in a spiral motion

The tornado touched down, causing trees to sway and gyrate violently in its powerful winds.

a device that maintains its orientation regardless of movement

As the drone soared through the air, the gyroscope adjusted its pitch and roll, ensuring steady flight and smooth aerial footage.

an insensitive and uneducated person who lacks culture and manners

He was considered a boor for interrupting others during conversations.

having rude or disrespectful manners

His boorish attitude ruined the dinner party for everyone.

a behavior or an action that goes beyond what is considered reasonable, appropriate, or customary

In an act of exorbitance, the CEO of the company purchased a private jet using company funds.

exceeding the reasonable or accepted boundaries

He faced criticism for his exorbitant use of company resources for personal projects, which violated ethical guidelines.

the act of confusing people by making things complicated to understand

Amidst the mystification created by conflicting reports, it became difficult to discern the truth of the matter.

an aura of power or mystery around something or someone that makes them seem more interesting or special

Vibrant city nightlife possessed a certain mystique, attracting people from far and wide with its allure and excitement.

to speed up or facilitate the progress of an action or task

The use of express shipping will help expedite the delivery of the package.

done very quickly without wasting time or resources

The expeditious completion of the project impressed the clients.