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the geological process of mountain building, usually occurring due to the collision or convergence of tectonic plates
- The Himalayas are a prominent example of orogeny, resulting from the collision between the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates.
- The Andes mountain range in South America is associated with the ongoing orogeny caused by the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate.
- The Alps in Europe are a consequence of the collision between the African and Eurasian plates, demonstrating orogeny.
- The Ural Mountains, separating Europe and Asia, were formed through orogeny during the collision of continental plates.
- The Appalachian orogeny played a role in the formation of the supercontinent Laurasia during the Paleozoic era.